1、cassandra简介
Apache Cassandra 是一套开源分布式 Key-Value 存储系统。它最初由 Facebook 开发，用于储存特别大的数据。 Cassandra 不是一个数据库，它是一个混合型的非关系的数据库，类似于 Google 的 BigTable。本文主要从以下五个方面来介绍 Cassandra：Cassandra 的数据模型、安装和配制 Cassandra、常用编程语言使用 Cassandra 来存储数据、Cassandra 集群搭建。
2、配置环境
ubuntu 14.04
apache-cassandra-2.0.15
cassandra必须要配置java环境才能正常运行（最好大于1.7）
java version "1.8.0_40" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_40-b26) Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 25.40-b25, mixed mode)
3、下载cassandra包
wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/cassandra/2.0.15/apache-cassandra-2.0.15-bin.tar.gz
tar -zxvf apache-cassandra-2.0.15-bin.tar.gz -C ./
mv apache-cassandra-2.0.15 cassandra
4、配置cassandra
设置cassandra数据目录
用vi打开cassandra的配置文件cassandra.yaml
vim ~/cassandra/conf/cassandra.yaml
data_file_directories:
- /var/lib/cassandra/data
commitlog_directory: /var/lib/cassandra/commitlog
saved_caches_directory: /var/lib/cassandra/saved_caches
新建一下目录
# 新建目录 ~ sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/cassandra/data ~ sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/cassandra/saved_caches ~ sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/cassandra/commitlog ~ sudo mkdir -p /var/log/cassandra
设置权限
# 把目录归属改成操作用户 ~ sudo chown -R ubuntu:ubuntu /var/lib/cassandra ~ sudo chown -R ubuntu:ubuntu /var/log/cassandra/
5、设置环境变量
~ sudo vi /etc/environment CASSANDRA_HOME=/home/ubuntu/cassandra1215 # 让环境变量生效 ~ . /etc/environment #查看环境变量 ~ echo $CASSANDRA_HOME /home/ubuntu/cassandra
6、启动cassandra服务器
#注：-f参数是绑定到console，不加-f则是后台启动~/cassandra/bin$ ./cassandra INFO ::, Logging initialized INFO ::, Loading settings from file:/home/talkweb/cassandra/conf/cassandra.yaml INFO ::, Data files directories: [/var/lib/cassandra/data] INFO ::, Commit log directory: /var/lib/cassandra/commitlog INFO ::, DiskAccessMode 'auto' determined to be standard, indexAccessMode is standard INFO ::, disk_failure_policy is stop INFO ::, commit_failure_policy is stop INFO ::, Global memtable threshold is enabled at 123MB INFO ::, Not using multi-threaded compaction INFO ::, Loading settings from file:/home/talkweb/cassandra/conf/cassandra.yaml INFO ::, Loading settings from file:/home/talkweb/cassandra/conf/cassandra.yaml INFO ::, 32bit JVM detected. It is recommended to run Cassandra on a 64bit JVM for better performance. INFO ::, JVM vendor/version: Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM/1.8.0_40
......
7、查看cassandra服务进程
查看cassandra系统进程 ~ ps -axu|grep cassandra ubuntu 6.9 17.1 pts/ Sl : : /usr/local/java/jdk1..0_40/bin/java -ea -javaagent:/home/ubuntu/cassandra/lib/jamm-0.2..jar -XX:+CMSClassUnloadingEnabled -XX:+UseThreadPriorities -XX:ThreadPriorityPolicy= -Xms501M -Xmx501M -Xmn100M -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Xss256k -XX:StringTableSize= -XX:+UseParNewGC -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -XX:+CMSParallelRemarkEnabled -XX:SurvivorRatio= -XX:MaxTenuringThreshold= -XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction= -XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly -XX:+UseTLAB -XX:+CMSParallelInitialMarkEnabled -XX:+CMSEdenChunksRecordAlways -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Dcassandra.jmx.local.port= -XX
... ...
# 查看系统端口 ~ netstat -nlt|grep tcp 127.0.0.1: 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
8、cassandra命令行界面
不推荐这种连接方式，Cassandra命令行界面将会在Cassandra 3.0版本中移除
~/cassandra/bin$ ./cassandra-cli Connected to: "Test Cluster" on 127.0.0.1/ Unable to open /home/ubuntu/.cassandra/cli.history for writingWelcome to Cassandra CLI version 2.0. The CLI is deprecated and will be removed in Cassandra 3.0. Consider migrating to cqlsh. CQL is fully backwards compatible with Thrift data; see http://www.datastax.com/dev/blog/thrift-to-cql3 Type 'help;' or '?' for help. Type 'quit;' or 'exit;' to quit. [default@unknown]
9、使用Cassandra交互式命令行接口cqlsh
~/cassandra/bin$ ./cqlsh Connected to Test Cluster at localhost:. [cqlsh 4.1. | Cassandra 2.0. | CQL spec 3.1. | Thrift protocol 19.39.] Use HELP for help. cqlsh>
参考文章：http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/opensource/os-cn-cassandra/
http://m.blog.csdn.net/blog/a19881029/40630529
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